EFEMÉRIDES MARÍTIMAS Y NAVALES

Colaboración del C. de N. Edgardo Loret de Mola

Responsable de la edición: Rosario Yika Uribe

Fuente: Cinco siglos del destino marítimo  del Perú, de Esperanza Navarro Pantac: Instituto de Estudios Histórico-Marítimos del Perú, 2016

Efemérides Navales de Hoy 26 Mayo

26 de mayo 1866: Arriban a Punta Arenas los buques peruanos recién adquiridos: el monitor Huáscar y la fragata Independencia. (Los diagramas muestran a la Independencia y al Huáscar en la configuración en que fueron entregados nuestra Marina, que es la misma con la que llegaron a Punta Arenas - La carta de la Rada de Punta Arenas - de la Oficina Hidrográfica de Chile - la muestra tal como era en 1897)

26 de mayo 1907: Zarpan de Barrow in Furness, Inglaterra, los cruceros Almirante Grau y Coronel Bolognesi, división naval a órdenes del contralmirante Manual Melitón Carvajal Ambulódegui. (Arriba se muestra el astillero Barrow in Furness de la Vickers; Crucero Almirante Grau visto de la aleta y amura de estribor -notar el famoso balcón-; Crucero Coronel Bolognesi en una postal de la época y en un diseño de www.shipbucket.com; Rada exterior del Callao con ambos cruceros y el cazatorpedero Teniente Rodríguez al ancla; diagrama del cañón Vickers de 6 pulgadas de los cruceros; y al jefe de la comisión: Almirante Carvajal. Abajo se describe las características de ambas unidades; se muestra un diagrama del crucero Almirante Grau; y se adjuntan los resultados de las pruebas en la mar del Almirante Grau y Coronel Bolognesi, tomados del volumen XIX del "Journal of the American Society of Naval Engineers, Inc” publicado en Washington, DC, USA en 1907, es decir hace ya 111 años)

ALMIRANTE GRAU CLASS CRUISER (Tomado de https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almirante_Grau-class_cruiser)

In 1905, Peru placed orders with the British shipbuilder Vickers for two scout cruisers, similar in design to Vickers' Sentinel class built for the British Royal Navy. Named Almirante Grau and Coronel Bolognesi, the ships were far more powerful than any other ship in the Peruvian Navy, which had suffered severe damage in the War of the Pacific twenty years earlier and had not ordered any new warships since. As such, these ships were intended to be the "pioneers of the modern [Peruvian] Navy," which as of 1905 would eventually be composed of three Swiftsure-like pre-dreadnoughts, three armored cruisers, six destroyers, and numerous smaller warships, all acquired as part of a nine-year, $7 million outlay. None of these purchases came to fruition, and Almirante Grau and Coronel Bolognesi remained the most powerful Peruvian warships for many years.

While scout cruisers were mainly used for working with destroyers while in British service, the Peruvian ships were far more powerful than any other ships in the country's navy, and remained that way for many years. Almirante Grau was only intended to be the fleet's flagship until a more powerful warship was purchased; along with Coronel Bolognesi, they would be the "pioneers" of a modern navy.

The ships were 115.82 metres (380 ft) long overall and 112.78 metres (370 ft) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 12.34 metres (40 ft 6 in) and a draught of 4.267 metres (14 ft). Displacement was 3,100 long tons (3,150 t) Normal. 

They were powered by two coal-fired four-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines, each driving a single propeller shaft. The engines were fed with steam at 1,700 kilopascals (250 psi) by ten Yarrow boilers. The machinery was rated at 14,000 indicated horsepower (10,000 kW) giving a contract speed of 24 knots (44 km/h; 28 mph). 500 t of coal were carried, sufficient to give a range of 3,276 nautical miles (6,067 km; 3,770 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).

The ships were armed with two 6-inch (152 mm) guns, one each fore and aft, with eight 14-pounder (76 mm) guns on single mounts on the ships' waists, backed up by eight 3 pounder (47 mm) Hotchkissguns. Two submerged 18-inch (450 mm) torpedo tubes were fitted. The ships had a 38 millimetres (1 1⁄2 in) armoured deck, with 76 millimetres (3 in) of armour protecting the ships' conning tower and 76 millimetres (3 in) thick gunshields on the six-inch guns.[6] The ships had a complement of 320 officers and ratings, with one of the ships, Almirante Grau, fitted as a flagship, with additional accommodation provided in a poopdeck, while a sternwalk was also fitted to Almirante Grau.

The ships were laid down at Vickers' Barrow-in-Furness shipyard in 1905 and launched in 1906.[6] They both comfortably met the required speed of 24 knots (44 km/h; 28 mph) during sea trials, with Almirante Grau reaching 24.64 knots (45.63 km/h; 28.36 mph) during trials and Coronel Bolognese making 24.726 knots (45.793 km/h; 28.454 mph).[8]

26 de mayo 1933: Se incorpora a la Armada el petrolero noruego Sjomanu, con el nombre de Pariñas. Es el primer buque en emplear dicho nombre. 

26 de mayo 2010: Con una ceremonia de recepción, la Dirección General de Capitanías y Guardacostas recibe una donación del Gobierno de los Estados Unidos a través del Grupo Consultivo y de Ayuda Militar, consistente en 3 lanchas de bajo calado y diverso equipo de abordo, para las acciones contra las actividades ilícitas como el tráfico de drogas en la Selva. (No he logrado identificar el tipo de las lanchas donadas por lo que he puesto la foto que pueden ver arriba pensando que es posible que sean, al menos, parecidas)